Gerunds and infinitives can function b to compose a sonata would take months. For example, to do, to sleep, to love and to create. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Word infinitive with an object gerund without an object advise i advise you to go by bus. Gerund and infinitive are parts of grammar that are very confusing for the students because of their similarities. Gerunds versus infinitives know the right use of them in a sentence. The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice.
After the main verb, both gerunds and infinitives can be used. Gerund amy will never forget seeing her favourite actor. Aug 26, 2019 an infinitive is the basic or root form of a verb, typically preceded with to. Gerunds are formed by adding ing to the end of a verb. The infintive of the verbs supplies the nominative case. Gi007 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Mar 29, 2017 the infinitive form is the base form of a verb with to. Get page and check your text using a unique contextual grammar and spell checker. A gerund is a verb ending in ing that functions as a noun. Frequently, the main verb in a sentence is followed by another verb which is either an infinitive with to ex. It is used after another verb, after an adjective or noun or as the subject or object of a sentence.
Both gerunds and infinitives can be subjects in sentences, and both gerunds and infinitives can serve as the object of a verb. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives gerunds and infinitives gerund the ing form of a verb which works as a noun is known as a gerund. Both have similarities in the sense that they can be used to describe a reason or a purpose. There are two main cases when you would want to use the infinitive and not the gerund. Wood, gerund versus infinitive, elt journal, volume xi, issue 1, october 1956, pages 1116. If you are not sure whether to use the infinitive or gerund, check out our lists or look the words up in a dictionary.
Printable online gerunds vs infinitives exercise with answers choose the gerund or infinitive forms of the given verbs to complete the exercise. Printable online gerunds vs infinitives exercise with answers choose the gerund or infinitive forms of the given verbs to complete the exercise grammarbank pdf ebooks click here. Mar 07, 20 gerund and infinitive are parts of grammar that are very confusing for the students because of their similarities. Furthermore, use of infinitive or gerund after a certain verb may totally change the meaning of a sentence. In the english language, some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive with little or no change in meaning. Difference between gerund and infinitive simply explained. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. Gerund infinitive gi 5 fill in the gerund with the correct preposition. Verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive.
It furthers the universitys objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Infinitives use to before the verb so the examples above would be to eat, to play, and to listen. The main verb in the sentence determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive. On the toeic grammar questions there will generally be both choices. After prepositions i drank a cup of coffee before leaving. Complete the sentences with the correct form, gerund or infinitive, using the words in parentheses.
The difference in the form of gerunds and infinitives is quite clear just from comparing the following lists. Gerund and infinitive exercises perfect english grammar. Choose the correct answer for each gap below, then click the check button to check your answers. Complete exercises 1 10 below to practice what you have learned in part 1 before mov. Difference between gerund and infinitive compare the. There are certain words in english that are usually followed by an infinitive or gerund. Sep 26, 2014 certain words cannot be used with an infinitive. Here is a gerunds and infinitives worksheet to test students knowledge of gerunds and infinitives with to. The construction workers worried about losing their jobs. What is the difference between gerund and infinitive. Understanding how these words function is a crucial step in developing your english skills. Decide whether the underlined ing word is acting like a noun. Using gerunds and infinitives with other verbs in english is a tricky thing, because some verbs are followed only by infinitives and other verbs only by gerunds, while certain verbs may be followed by either one. Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence.
Complete exercises 11 20 to see if you understand what youve learned in parts 1 and 2. Some verbs can take both gerunds and infinitives, with only a slight difference in the meaning as explained in part i above. What is the difference between a gerund and a present. For example, she sleeps no longer contains the infinitive of the verb to sleep. Amy nunca olvidara haber visto a su actor favorito meaning. Mar 30, 2018 using gerunds and infinitives with other verbs in english is a tricky thing, because some verbs are followed only by infinitives and other verbs only by gerunds, while certain verbs may be followed by either one. This is a free intermediate english grammar quiz and esl worksheet. The word exciting is a present participle used as an adjective to modify a noun or to follow the verb to be the exciting ride made the people scream.
The infinitive form is the base form of a verb with to. They may function as subjects or objects in a sentence. It can be tricky to remember which verbs are followed by the infinitive the to form of the verb and which are followed by the gerund the ing form of the verb. Gerunds and infinitives pdf worksheets english grammar pdf. Gi006 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. P eople will understand you even if it sounds a little funny, but you can do better by studying which verbs go with a gerund and which verbs go with the infinitive. Gerunds infinitives esl activities worksheets games. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives when to use gerunds. Lower intermediate intermediate exercises upper intermediate home. Homonyms two words with the same pronunciation homophones and homographs infinitive structures. It can be a little difficult to know when to use gerunds and infinitives. Gerund versus infinitive elt journal oxford academic. She is looking forward to visiting his aunt in chicago. Exercise 2 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs.
An infinitive is the basic or root form of a verb, typically preceded with to. Gerund infinitive and participles part 1 english grammar. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives when to use. Gerunds are often used when actions are real, fixed, or completed. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a. Part 2 of the gerunds and infinitives tutorial discusses how to control gerunds and infinitives and start using them more like native english speakers. Forget with the infinitive means something happens at or after a certain time. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. They require a preposition followed by a gerund ing form. In this sentence, the gerund phrase traveling with a friend is the subject, made is the verb, the trip is the direct object, to new york is the indirect object, and more enjoyable is the object complement similar to a gerund, the infinitive form of a verb can also function as the subject of a sentence. Exercise 1 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs. With more advanced students or if the difference between gerunds and infinitives is covered in your textbook, you will have to address them in more detail.
I cant believe you wanted, and you forgot a fishing pole. Exercise 1 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs exercise 2 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs exercise 3 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs exercise 4 in pdf here choose a gerund or infinitive when it changes the meaning. Part 1 of the gerunds and infinitives tutorial explains what gerunds and infinitives are and how to begin using them in everyday english. A gerund phrase is a group of words beginning with a gerund and including any modifiers to that gerund. Dec 19, 2012 a gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding ing. Gerund, infinitive grammar exercises learning english.
Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary. An infinitive is the verb form that has to at the beginning. After students have shown that they can identify the gerund, infinitive, progressive tense and related mistakes, have them write their own sentences. Infinitive or gerund advanced level exercises online. Defining a rule for the use of infinitive and gerund. Provide a few verbs and tell the students to use each one as an infinitive or gerund in different ways i. Regret with the infinitive is used to give bad news in a formal, polite way. An introductory infinitive lesson could use the same approach in order to give students some easy infinitive practice without overwhelming them with various structures and uses. English esl gerunds and infinitives worksheets most. If the word is a noun in the sentence, then use the infinitive. Gerunds and infinitives are sometimes referred to as verb complements. See all the gerund and infinitive exercises here heres my video on the subject. Gerund versus infinitive esl worksheet by nionia1986.
Gerunds and infinitives exercises perfect english grammar. Gi004 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Now that you know how these two elements can work in similar ways, its time to note an important difference in the gerundinfinitive equation. The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice using gerunds and infinitives within simple sentences. Pdf the pragmatics of infinitives and gerunds in english. It is the simplest verb form that you have to modify to fit into sentences. It may well be that theres no way to define a rule to apply to all these cases but the prospect of memorizing sixty to a hundred verbs is certainly an incentive for trying. Get keyboard and check your text using a unique contextual grammar and spell checker. Depending upon the verb and accompanying meaning, the object may be an infinitive or a gerund. A gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. Gerunds and infinitives worksheet with answers 3 for esl students and teachers.
A gerund is a verb in its ing present participle form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. The italicized texts in the above examples are the gerund phrases. Exercise 3 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs. Jan 12, 2016 snowboarding can be a gerund or a present participle. When snowboarding is a gerund, it acts like a noun. In english, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you must use a gerund or infinitive. Even when the gerund or infinitive is the object of a sentence, it is common for a second object follow the gerund or infinitive because of their verb meaning. Words with a different meaning word infinitive meaning gerund meaning forget remember. The aim of this paper is to argue that the choice between these two forms is.
If there is an object that you use, you can describe it using both a gerund as well as an infinitive. Oxford university press is a department of the university of oxford. Comparing gerunds, participles, and infinitives purdue. Grammarians attribute the choice between the infinitive and the gerund in english to syntactic and semantic criteria. It can be a subject, an object, the object of a preposition, or a subject complement. How to teach gerunds and infinitives to esl students. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. Nate deserved the prize for that amazing short story about through peru. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives complete these sixteen sentences to score your knowledge of gerunds and infinitives. Though, that to can easily be replaced with a conjugated auxiliary or helping verb to shower, to eat, and to live are infinitives showering, eating, and living are the respective gerunds.
Legere est difficile to read is difficult reading is difficult the other cases are formed by adding ndto the present stem of the verb iendfor 3rd conjugation istems and all 4th conjugation verbs, plus the neuter singular endings. The gerund the gerund is a verbal noun, always active in force. Gerund versus infinitive worksheet posted by madron30 thanks for all of your hard work in creating this worksheet. Gerunds always function as nouns, but infinitives often also serve as nouns. The students complete each sentence with the verb in brackets in its gerund or infinitive form. Certain words are followed by an infinite verb with or without to. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary and. Test yourself with our free english language quiz about gerund or infinitive. Complete the sentences with a gerund or an infinitive.
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